Teletypewriter circuit



Allg- 18, 1953 E, o. BLODGETT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 l0 Sheets-Sheet 1 "N n i fr* ATTORNEY Aug'. 18, 1953 E, o. BLODGETT TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT l0 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 29, 1952 Nhx INVENTOR. EDWIN o. BLODGETT BY/li// N .QL

ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1953 E, o. BLODGETT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 l0 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. Q4 w EDWIN QBLODGETT ATTORNEY Aug- 18, 1953 E. o. BLODGTT 2,649,496

ELETYPEwRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 10 Sheets-Sheet 4 BACK sil/rr CAR. SPACE nel, RET.

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SHIFT TAB SME INVENTOR.

EDWIN O. BLODGETT NMX/KOM ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1953 E. o. aLoDGl-:T'r

TELETYFEWRI'IER CIRCUIT 10 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 29, 1952 m. w m m vE owm o. LoDGETT BY 4f/0M ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1953 E. o. BLODGETT TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT 10 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed May 29, 1952 INVENTOR.

EDWIN O. BLODGETT BY ATTORNEY Augl8, 1953 E. o. BLoDGErT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29. 1952 10 Sheets-Sheet 'T INVENTOR. EDWIN 0. BLODGETT ATTORNEY AUS- 18, 1953 E. o. BLODGETT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 10 Sheets-Sheet 8 Fleglo wr wrm w/l w1 wa INVENTOR.

EDWIN O BLODGETT ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1953 E. o. BLODGETT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 1o sheets-sheet 9 FIG. IOA

I N l 'EN TORu EDWIN O. BLODGE 't' T ATTORNEY A11g 13, 1953 E. o. BLODGETT 2,649,496

TELETYPEWRITER CIRCUIT Filed May 29, 1952 10 Sheets-Sheet l0 FIG. IOB

INVENTOR.

EDWIN O. BLODGETT gym/MQW ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 18, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 10 Claims.

This invention relates to a system for interconnecting printing machines adapted to transmit and receive written messages between spaced locations.

The primary object of the present invention is to provide an improved transmission system for keyboard operated machines adapted to transmit and receive messages with great accuracy and speed.

It is the specific object of the invention to provide a circuit arrangement and control system therefor which permits a number of printing machines to be interconnected by a minimum number of wires extending between the machines.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which disclose, by way of example, the principle of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated of applying that principle. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional View of a machine constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View of the machine taken on line 2 2 of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a plan View of the code selector and code translator mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4 4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a front elevational View of the machine, with part of the casing broken away to show underlying structure;

Fig. 6 is a detail view of a selector key lever and associated mechanism;

Fig. 7 is a detail View of a selector contact in association with translator bars of the mechanism;

Fig. 8 is a detail view of an auxiliary cam control lever in association with translator bars;

Fig. 9 is a detail view through a cam trip lever system in relation to translator bars; and

Figs. 10, 10A and 10B constitute a schematic diagram showing one method of interconnecting a vplurality of the machines shown in the preceding drawings to form an intercommunicating printing system.

The present invention is disclosed in the drawings as applied to the well-known lectromatic typewriter, purely as a convenience in description. It will be understood that the invention may be applied to other power-operated typewriters without altering the principles or basic features of the invention. Since the Electromatic typewriter is now well-known, only a brief description will be given herein.

This machine is shown in Fig. l as including a frame 2c on which is mounted a continuously running rubber-covered power roll 2l driven by an electric motor (shown only in the control C ircuits). A row of front cam units 22 and a row of alternately spaced rear cam units 23 are arranged on opposite sides of the power roll 2| to operate about their respective xed parallel fulcrum rods 24 and 25, respectively.

The cams 22 and 23 are each connected by a vertical adjustable link 26 to an associated bell crank 2l mounted to turn about a fulcrum wire 28 carried by a xed cross member 29 of the machine frame. The upper end of each bell crank 2l is connected by a link to a toggle lever 3| which is pivotally connected at its front end to a toggle link 32 mounted to turn around a fixed fulcrum rod 33. The toggle lever 3| is also pivotally connected at 35 to a type bar 36 which is mounted in the usual manner to turn about a curved fulcrum wire 31. Thus, it will be seen that operation of one of the cam units by the power roll 2l will swing a type bar 36 into printing position against the paper carried by the usual platen.

In addition to the cam units which operate the various type bars of the machine, the Electromatic typewriter also includes several cam units for effecting other mechanical operations such as the carriage return mechanism, the case shift mechanism, the back space mechanism, the tabulating mechanism, and the carriage space mechanism. The machine illustrated in the present drawings is intended to have all these cams in their usual positions.

-In the Electromatic machine, a manually operable key lever is connected mechanically to trip each of the cams into operative relation with the power roll 2l, but in the machine shown in the accompanying drawings the key levers do not have a direct mechanical connection with their respective cam units. Referring to Figs. l and 6, the present machine includes a set of key levers @il which may be generally the same as in the Electromatic except that the rear lower end portions in this case have no mechanical connection with their .associated cam units. The various key levers 4t are all mounted in spaced parallel relation to pivot about the fulcrum rod 23 and are normally held upwardly against a stop bar 4l by associated springs 42. There is one of these key levers 4G for each of the characters printed bythe machine and also a key lever for each of the functions of the machine such as case shift, tabulation, word spacing, back spacing and carriage return. The arrangement of the key levers is shown diagrammatically above Fig. 2.

In the present machine, the manual operation of each key lever selects a particular six-unit code assigned to the character associated with that key lever. The front ends of all the key levers are guided for downward movement in vertical slots in the stop bar 4l and in similar slots in a spaced parallel `bar 45. The bars 4l and t5 are rigidly mounted at each end by brackets i5 to the two side plates of the machine frame 2U. Between the bars 4I and 45, there are six selector slides mounted for individual longitudinal movement by upper and lower rollers 5i at each end as shown in Fig. 3. These rollers are separated by spacing washers 52 of a larger diameter which also serve to space the selector slides 5B for free movement transversely of the machine.

The portion of each of the selector slides directly beneath each of the key levers is cut out in a particular manner to determine whether or not that slide is moved longitudinally by a depression of the key lever. When a selector slide is to be operated by a key lever, a notch is provided in the upper edge portion of the slide to form an inclined edge or cam 55 as shown in Fig. 2, so that a downward movement of the key lever will operate on this cam edge to move the selector slide to the left as viewed in Fig. 2. When a selector slide is not to be moved by a particular key lever, a notch is provided in the upper edge portion of the selector slide directly beneath the key lever which allows the key lever l to be moved downwardly in the notch without causing a longitudinal movement of the slide. Thus, a cam surface or a clearance notch is provided in each of the selector slides directly beneath each of the key levers in a predeterl mined arrangement whereby the six selector slides may be moved in diierent combinations by operation of the different key levers.

Each of the selector slides has an extension 5B projecting downwardly from the lower edge, and this projection is in a relatively diierent longitudinal position on each of the six slides. For example, the front slide may have its projection 5B at the extreme left as viewed in Fig. 2, the next slide toward the rear of the machine may have its projection 56 spaced a particular distance to the right as viewed in Fig. 2, and so on, in order that all the slides have their projections 56 evenly spaced from left to right transversely of the machine as viewed in Fig. 2.

A U-shaped bail 51 is pivotally mounted by screws 58 adjacent each of the projections 56 so that a horizontal cross portion of each bail will normally rest against the left hand edge portion of its associated projection 56. The bails 51 extend beneath all six of the selector slides 50 and the two pivot screws 58 for each bail pass through clearance holes in the upper end of the bails, the front pivot screws 58 being threaded into the cross bar 4l while the rear pivot screw is threaded into the cross bar 45. A spring 60 extends between a pin 6| in the lower front portion of each of the bails 51 and a pin 62 secured to respective downward extensions on the cross bar 4I.

The lower end of the front arm of each bail 51 is provided with a. hooked portion or latch 65, and the upper edge of this latch B5 normally engages the lower surface of a contact operating arm 66. The arm B6 is provided with spaced ear portion 61 by which the arms are all mounted to turn freely on a transverse shaft 68. The shaft 68 is also mounted to turn freely upon pivots at each end, these pivots being in the form of adjustable shouldered screws 69 carried by the two side plates 20 of the machine frame. Thus it will be seen that a longitudinal movement of any one of the selector slides 5B to the left from its normal position will swing its companion bail 51 about its pivot 58 to move the latch portion 65 out of the path of movement of the contact operating arm 66 allowing it to move downwardly about the shaft S8 as shown in Fig. 6. A spring 19 causes downward movement cil each of the arms 66 when released in this man ner, this spring being positioned around the shaft` 68 between the ear 61 of each of the contact armsv with one end engaging the arm and the otherv end engaging a cross bar 1l carried by the machine frame.

Each arm 66 carries an electrical contact 15- mounted thereon by insulating spacers 16 and screws 11. When the arm $6 moves downwardly from its normal latched position, the electrical contact 15 engages a stationary electrical contact which is mounted along with a terminal strip 8l by insulating spacers 82 on an L-shaped cross member 34 extending between the side plate- 20 of the machine frame. The cross member 8 is mounted by screws to each of the side plates 20, and the terminal strip 8l is connected by a flexible lead 86 to the movable electrical Contact 15. It will be understood that there are six such contact assemblies spaced transversely of the machine, and each contact assembly is controlled by' a particular one only of the selector Slides 5d. Thus, when any one of the key levers lil is operated manually, a certain distinctive combination of selector slides are moved longitudinally' to trip the associated ones of the contact operating levers 66 and thereby close a certain combina-I tion of the electrical contacts 15-8- It will also be noted that the upper portions of the selector' slides E@ being arranged with either a cam por tion or a clearance notch beneath each key lever prevent the depression of more than one key lever at one time. The operation of the six code contacts 15-89 causes an automatic printing operation in the same machine as well as any other similar machine to which these contacts are connected.

Before describing in detail the remaining portions of the selector mechanism, the operation of the translator mechanism to cause this automatic printing operation will be described. As

will be described later in connection with the circuit diagram, each of the six sets of contacts 15-80 is electrically connected to cause energization of a companion one of six electromagnets comprising coils 9G on magnetic cores 9i mounted in horizontally spaced relation on the L.Shaped cross member 64 ci the machine frame. Energization of each coil Si! attracts an armature 92 mounted to turn about a stationary pivot 93. The attraction ci armature 92 is against the force of a leaf spring 9d attached at 95 to the cross member 84 so that the free end of spring 94 bears against the lower side of a forward extension of the armature 92 (see Fig. l).

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, it may be seen that the upper end portion 95 of each of the six armatures 92 is normally disposed opposite a downward projection 91 of a bail 98. The translator mechanism is generally similar in vmechanical construction to the selector mechanism, in that there are six slides iti) mounted for free longitudinal movement between space transverse bars i0! and |62. The rear bar lill is attached to the machine frame 20, and the end portions of the bar 102 are mounted by screws |04 to opposite side plates 2l! of the rnachine frame. The six slides l0!) are mounted in spaced, parallel relation for free longitudinal movement by rollers |05 arranged above and below the opposite end portions of the slides the same as in the case of the selector slides 50. The translator bails 9B are generally similar to the selector bails 6| and are disposed beneath all six of the translator slides with upwardly extending ear portions ||0 arranged to turn about xed pivots ||I and ||2 carried by the front and rear cross members |02 and. |0|, respectively.

Each of the six translator slides |00 is provided with a bifurcated downwardly extending portion I4 which receives the horizontal portion of the companion bail 98. The bifurcated portion 4 is in a different longitudinal position on each of the six slides so that a slide is connected to only one of the six bails 9,8. In other Y words, the front translator slide |00 may have its downward projection H4 at the extreme left to connect to the left hand bail 98 as viewed in Fig. 4, the next rearward slide |00 may have its downward projection spaced slightly to the right to be connected to the second bail 98 from the left, etc. The front cross bar |02is provided with six spaced, downwardly extending portions H5, each of which carries a spring pin I6 for anchoring one end of an extension spring Hl, connected at its other end to a pin H8, carried by its companion bail 98. Thus, energization of one of the electromagnet coils 90 will attract its armature 92 moving the upper end 96 out of the path of movement of the bail extension 91 to allow the spring to pull the bail and its companion translator slide |00 to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, until the bail engages the right hand surface of the downward extension ||5 of bar |02.

It will now be seen that a manual depression of any one of the key levers 40 will cause endwise movement of certain of the selector slides 50 to release the associated ones of the contact operating arms B6 and close certain ones of the contacts 'l5-80. These closed contacts will in turn cause energization of the associated ones of the electromagnet coils 90 to attract their armatures 52 and release the associatedv ones of the six translator slides |00. The selector slides and the translator slides may be arranged, respectively, in the same order, if desired, so that if, for example, the front and rear ones of the selector slides are moved longitudinally by an operation of a certain key lever, the corresponding front and rear translator slides |00 will also be released through energization of the associated electromagnet coils 90. l

At the extreme left hand portion of the machine another bail extends across beneath all six of the translator 'slides |00, and is likewise provided with ear portions |2I by Vwhich it is pivotally mounted on a pivot screw |22 carried by the front transverse bar |02 and a pivot pin |23 carried by the rear transverse bar |0|. Each of the six translator slides |00 is provided with a downward extension |25 at its left hand end portion, and all of these extensions |25 normally engage the cross portion of the bail |20. Referring to Fig. 4, it may be seen that the front ear |2| of the bail |20 is pivotally connected at |28 to a vertical link |29 which is, in turn, pivotally connected at |30 to a lever 3|. The lever |5| is arranged to function generally in the same manner as one of the key levers, in that it is normally held in its upward position by one of the usual springs 42 and is mounted to turn about the usual xed pivot rod 28 with a downward extending portion |32 connected to trip one of the regular rear cam units 23 (see Fig. 8)

Thus it will be seen that whenever one or more of the translator slides |00 move endwise to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4, the bail |20 will be rocked about its pivots |22 and |23 to pull the lever |3| downwardly and trip the associated cam unit 23.

The cam unit 23, controlled by lever |3, is in this case connected by the regular adjustable link 25 to operate a toggle lever |35. The lever |35 is mounted to turn around the regular fulcrum rod 26 and is normally held upwardly by a i against an adjustable stop |3l carried by the cross member 2S of the machine frame. The upper end of the spring |35 is connected to a bracket |38, also attached to the cross member 29. The front end of the toggle lever |35 is connected by a pivot pin |40 to a toggle link Ml which is, in turn, pivotally connecte-d at |42 to an arm |43 attached to a universal bar |50 extending transversely of the machine and mounted at each end to turn about pivot pins |5| carried by companion brackets |52 secured at 53 to the machine frame 20.

As previously described, there are a full complement of the front and rear cam units 22 and 23 provided for operating all of the type bars 36, and in this instance each of these cam units is controlled by one of a complement of levers |55 which are shown particularly in Fig. 9. The rear ond portions of these levers |55 are shaped so that alternate ones of the levers |55 have downward extensions |56 adapted to trip the rear cam f units 23 while the other levers |55 have downward extensions |57 adapted to trip the front cam units 22. These levers |55 are all mounted to turn about the fulcrum rod 28 andare disposed in spaced parallel relation across the machine, each of the levers E55 being positioned adjacent one of the key levers 40.

The levers i55 which trip the cam units in the present machine are biased downwardly at their front ends by springs V| 65, each spring being connected at its upper end to the'front end portion of the associated oneof the levers |55 and the lower end being anchored to the cross member 7| of the machine frame (see Fig. l). The central portion of each of the levers |55 is provided with a downward extension |012 which rests against the universal bar |50, and normally the universal baris prevented from turning by the arm |43 acting against the straightened toggle formed by link i4! and arm |35. In Fig. 9, it will be seen that the pivotal connection between the link Mi and arm |35 is disposed in a straight line between the pivot |42 and the fulcrum rod 28 so that any turning eff-ort on the universal bar in a counterclockwise direction is transmitted to the fulcrum rod 28 in a manner which does not tend to rotate the toggle arm |35. In this manner the combined forces of all of the springs |60 are directed against the pivot rod 28 without tending to rotate the toggle arm |35. In this position of the arm |35, all of the levers are heldupwardly in a position where the lower iront edge of each of the levers is clear of the upper edge portion of all of the six translator slides 00.

When `the previously mentioned downward movement of lever i3d trips its cam unit 23 into cooperative relation with the power roll 2|, it will be clear that the cam unit will cause va downward movement of the front end of toggle lever |35 to, in turn, rotate the universal bar |50 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 9 to its position shown in Fig. '1. This allows all of the levers |65 to move downwardly into cooperative relation with the six translator slides under the force of springs |66. The upper edge portion of each of the translator slides 100 is provided with notches arranged in a particular Inanner to form projections, either disposed beneath the levers E55, or to the rightof these levers to form a code translating arrangement, whereby a notch on all six slides will be positioned beneath any one of the levers |55 only by a particular combination of movements of the slides. In other words, when any combinati-on of the translator slides |66 are moved endwise with the other slides stationary, a notch on each of the slides will be positioned beneath only one of the levers 55 and a projection on at least one of the six slides will be positioned beneath each of the other levers, Thus, when the universal bar is operated as previously described, only one of the levers will be moved downwardly by its spring far enough to trip its associated cam unit and all the rest of the levers |55 will engage and will be stopped by one or more of the translator slides 160. This effective movement of the selected one of the levers i55 will cause a printing operation of one of the type bars 36 in the usual manner.

The above printing operation ordinarily occurs very rapidly after the manual depression of one of the key levers 40 to trip one or more of the contact operating levers 66 to close the contacts 15-80. When lthe operated key lever 40 is released its spring 42 will return it to its upper normal position, allowing all the operated selector slides 50 to be returned to their normal position by their springs 60. However, the contact operating arms 66 which have been released ordinarily remain in their tripped position to hold contacts 'l5- 66 closed after the key lever has returned to normal position, and means are provided in accordance with the present invention for restoring these contact operating levers 66 to their normal latched position only after the translator mechanism has been effective to cause a printing operation. This means is shown in Figs. l and 7 as comprising a link 16| having its rearward end pivotally connected at pin |42 to arm 143 of the universal bar |50, the forward end of the link 16| being provided with a slot receiving a pin 162, the pin |62 being carried at the upper end of an arm |63 which is rigidly connected to the transverse shaft 68. Each of the contact operating arms 66 is mounted by spaced downwardly turned ear portions to turn relative to the shaft 68, and between these ear portions is an arm |65 which is fixed against turning movement relative to the shaft 68 by a screw |66. Thus when the shaft 68 is turned in a counterclockwise direction, each of the arms |65 will lift upwardly on the associated contact lever 66 to move it upwardly slightly beyond its normally latched position. This counterclockwise rotation of shaft 68 is caused by the downward movement of the toggle arm |35 to cause a printing operation as previously described.

When the selector vslides have returned to their normal right hand position upon the return of the key lever to normal position, the latch portion 65 of each of the bails will rest beneath the lower edge of the contact arms 66, thereblr holding all the arms and the contacts 15-80 in their normal position as shown in Fig. 1, The slot in the end of link 161 allows the shaft 68 to turn when one or more of the contact arms 66 is released inasmuch as the pin |62 has clearance permitting it to move forward relative to the link 161.

A means is provided in accordance with the present invention for preventing a repeat operation of the foregoing mechanism in the event the operator holds down a key lever 40 for an extended period of time so that the key lever is in its depressed position at the time the contact levers 66 are being restored. Referring to Fig. 2, it may be seen that this anti-repeat mechanism comprises a second set of bails similar to the bails 51, but oppositely disposed to bear on the right hand side of the selector slide extensions 56. The bails |10 are pivoted at |1| on the cross bars 4| and 45 and a spring 112 extends between a pin |13 on the bail 51 and a pin |14 on the bail 111. A hook or catch portion |15 is provided on each of the bails |10. The hook portion |15 is shaped similar to the hook portion 65 on bail 51, but is slightly shorter than the hook portion 65. When the contact arm 66 is being held by the hook portion 65 with the associated selector slide in its normal right hand position, the bail 110 is swung to the right yso that the hook portion |15 is out of the path of movement of the contact arm 66 and the upper edge portion is slightly above the lower edge of this contact arm. In the event a key lever is held down at the time the contact lever 66 is being restored, the bail |10 will be lswung to the left from its illustrated position by the spring |12 so that when the arm 66 is in its uppermost position the latch 115 will snap beneath its lower edge. The arm 66 is thus held slightly above its normal position but when the key lever is released and the selector slide returns to its normal position, the bail |10 is moved to the right to its illustrated position, releasing arm 66 from the hook portion 115 and allowing it to move downwardly a slight distance to engage the hook portion 65 of the bail 51. In this manner it will be seen that each operation of the machine involves a downward and an upward motion of a key lever and a second operation cannot be caused by holding the key lever in its downward position for any extended period of time.

After the selected one of the translator levers has been operated downwardly and restored by the universal bar |50 to cause a printing operation as previously described, the translator slides |60 which were tripped by the selection must be restored to their normally latched position. In the present arrangement, the translator slides |00 are all restored by an upward movement of the lever |31, and this upward movement of the lever is caused by operation of the usual ribbon universal bar 180. The ribbon universal bar |60 extends transversely of the machine and is operated by a depending portion |81 of each of the bell cranks 21. The bar |80 is rocked about the pivot shaft |82 by the printing operation of any one of the type actions. The universal bar 180 is also operated by each of the other cam-operated functions of the machine such as carriage return, case shift, space, back space and tabulating mechanisms.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, a bracket |85 is suit-ably attached to the universal bar 160, and a link 186 is pivotally connected to the bracket at |81. A slot is formed in the front end of link |86 as shown in Fig. 1, and this slot receives the body portion of a pin |88 attached to lever 13|.

It will now be clear that when the universal bar |50 is operated to cause a printing operation selected by the particular position of the translator slides |00, this printing operation will operate the ribbon universal bar |00, which will turn lever I 3| in a counterclockwise direction about its pivot rod 20. The upward motion of the front end of lever 3i will operate through the connecting link |29 to turn arm |2| about its pivot |22, which will act through the transverse bail |20 on all of the projections |25 of the translator slides and thereby restore all of the slides to the right, slightly beyond their normal latched position.

In the event the electromagnets associated with the translator slides |00 are all deenergized at the time these slides are returned beyond their normal position, it will be clear that their springs 94 will cause the upper end portions 96 of each of the armatures 92 to move into normal position in the path of the bail extension 91, thereby retaining the translator slides in their normal position when the lever I9! again moves to its normal upper position. However, if the electromagnets 90 are still energized at the time the translator slides |00 are returned as previously described, means are provided in accordance with the present invention for preventing the translator slides from again moving to the left and causing a repeat operation of the printing mechanism.

This arrangement is shown particularly in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, wherein it may be seen that a second latch member I 90 is provided for each of the armatures 92, and this latch member is mounted for pivotal movement around the same pivot rod 93 by spaced parallel ear portions |9I. A leaf spring |92 is secured at |93 to the armature 92 and the upper end of this spring bears against the rear surface of the latch member |90 to hold it in engagement with the armature 92 so that normally the armature and the latch member |90 move as a unit about the pivot 93. The upper end portion |95 of the bail |90 is shaped similar to the upper portion 99 of the armature 92 in order to coact with the downward projection 91 of the associated bail 98. The vertical edge of the upper end portion |95 which coacts with the projection 91 is spaced a slight distance to the right of the similar edge of the portion 9B of armature 92 so that when armature 92 is attracted, the front surface of the portion |95 will engage the edge of the projection 91 and the armature 92 will separate from the bail |90 against the force of the spring |92. If the electromagnet 90 is still energized when the translator slides |00 are restored, this restoring movement moves the bail projection |95 far enough to the right as viewed in Fig. 4, so that the upper end of bail |90 is snapped behind the projection |95 under the force of the spring |92, thereby holding the translator slides slightly to the right of their normal position as long as the magnet is energized. When the magnet 90 is deenergized under this condition, the armature spring 94 will move the armature 92 back to its normal position illustrated in Fig. l, thereby moving the bail |90 rearwardly to disengage the upper extension |95 from the extension 95|, :allowing a slight movement of the translator slides |00 to their normal position wherein the portion |95 engages the upper end 96 of the armature 92.

It will be clear that this arrangement effectively prevents the translator slides from again moving to the left in the event the electromagnets are still energized after the translator slides have completed their return movement :at the end of a printing operation. In other words, each printing operation must include a complete cycle of operation of the electromagnet including its energization to attract its armature and the following deenergization to release its armature. Therefore, an energization of the electromagnet for :an extended period of time cannot cause more than one operation of the printing mechanism.

The mechanical features of a single machine have now been described wherein a code is automatically selected by the manual operation of a standard typewriter keyboard and a translator mechanism in the same machine responds to the selected code to print a character corresponding to the key which was manually operated. An arrangement of this type gives the operator a visual indication that the correct code for controlling other similar machines has been selected by the manual operation of the key lever, inasmuch as this code acts on the translating mechanism of the machine being operated in the same manner as it does at any other similar machine to which the code contacts are connected. In other words, 4there is no mechanical connection between the key lever operated manually and the printing mechanism in the same machine, and accordingly, it may be presumed that the electrical circuits will operate a remote machine in exactly the same manner as they do the machine on which the keyboard is located.

It was previously pointed out that a plurality of machines of the kind herein described may be interconnected through electrical circuits to provide an intercommunicating printing system. A particular feature of the present invention is in the circuit arrangement whereby a number of these machines may be interconnected by a minimum number of wires extending between the machines. It may be generally stated that this is accomplished by the use of a common conductor or wire for each of the six electromagnets 90 of all machines and an individual wire for each machine which is connected to all the electromagnets at that machine only. In other words, there are six common code wires extending to all machines of the system rather than six individual code wires for each machine, thus making possible the use of only one wire for each machine in addition to the six common wires. The number of wires for the selection of characters in any system will then be six, plus the number of machines in the system, and all the machines may be individually selected for operation.

This system which will be described in detail is particularly adapted for interchanging messages between points within a comparatively small area, such as between oiiices in one or more buildings on the same premises, between locations aboard a ship or large land or air craft. The system, furthermore, is in no way confined to the transmission and reception of one inessage at a time since the machines not involved in the handling of a given message may fbe used at the same time in any combination desired for the handling of other messages. In a tenmachine system, for example, five messages may be transmitted and received at the same time, or one machine may transmit a message to more than one or to all the other machines simultaneously.

Figs. 10, 10A and 10B show in detail the schematic wiring diagram of three machines of a ten-machine intercommunicating system. In order to provide selective communication between each machine and any one or more of the other machines, a switching arrangement, shown in this instance as interlocking push buttons A to J, is provided, there being one push button for each of the machines of the system.

It will be noted that there are six interconnecting wires Wl to W6 inclusive, extending between all of the machines, and these wires are connected at each machine in the same manner to the six magnets 90 previously described in each machine. The six magnets 90 are individually designated in the wiring diagram as 904 to 90-6 inclusive, and it will be noted that one side of the winding of the magnet coil 90-i is connected to wire Wl at each machine, the similar side of the winding of magnet coil 90-2 is connected to wire W2 at each machine and so on, so that all of the six electromagnets 90 at all of the machines are connected in multiple through the wires WI to W6. An arrangement which will later be described in detail is provided including an additional common wire W'l for controlling operation of the machines and for insuring privacy and preventing interruption of an existing transmission of a message by a machine which is not involved.

The other side of the windings of all six of the windings of the electromagnets 90 at each machine are connected to a common wire |99 through individual rectifier units 200, and this wire |951 is connected to an individual wire for each machine. rThus, the wire |99 for machine A is connected to WA, the wire |99 for machine B is connected to wire WB, and so on.

A local source of power is required at each machine and such source is indicated as the conventional alternating current and may be of any suitable voltage available. A motor 202 which operates the power roll 2| of each machine is connected to this power source, as will be later described, and a transformer TR is shown with its primary winding connected to this power source and its secondary winding connected to a full-wave rectifier unit DC for supplying a local source of direct current energy at each machine.

The interlocking push keys A through J may be of any well known construction; the details of one particular form which they may assume is shown, particularly in Figs. l and 5. In this construction, the manually operable keys 201 are arranged across the front of the machine in front of the keyboard and each is operable downwardly to move an electrical contact 205 into engagement with a companion contact 206 (Fig. l). The lower front surface of the keys are cut away and attached at 208 to a vertical guide plate 209. rlhe plates 209 are all carried by a stationary cross member 2li] which has spaced, vertical slots receiving the shouldered portion of a screw 2i l threaded into each of the plates 209. A lug 2|2 is formed at right angles to each of the plates 209 to extend forwardly through a lower vertically disposed slot in the cross member 2|, and a spring 2|3 is connected to the forward end of this lug 2|2 with its upper end connected to a pin 2M secured to the cross member 2li). The rear surface of the push button 201 is provided with a sloping cam portion cooperating with the upper end of contact 205 so that when the push button is moved downwardly contact 205 is moved into engagement with contact 206.

An interlocking bar 2|5 extends horizontally across the machine in the rear of all of the vertical slides 205. The bar 2|@ is provided with a l2 series of upwardly extending projections opposite each of the push switches, and each of these projections is provided with a cam surface 2H and a latch surface 2I8 coacting with the rear--v wardly extending end of screw 2| i (Fig. 5) l Thus', when any one of the keys 20'! is pushed downwardly, the end of screw 2|! cams the bar 2 i5 to the left, as viewed in Fig. 5, and when the key reaches its extreme downward positioni the bar ZIB will move back slightly to the right so that latch 2 IB will hold the key in its downward position. When another key 201 is subsequently pushed down, the bar 2|5 will likewise be moved to the left in the same manner, which will release the previously operated key from the latch portion 2 i8, allowing it to be restored to its upper normal position, and the secondly operated key will be latched down by its latch portion 218.

The right hand end of the interlocking bar Zit is mounted for horizontal movement by a link 2 I9 connected at its lower end at 220 to the bar 2|6, and the upper end of link 2H is pivotally mounted at 22| to the cross member 2li). The left hand end of bar 2|6 is pivotally cone nected at 222 to the lower end of the vertical arm of a bell crank 223, which is also pivotally mounted at 222 to the cross member 2li); A spring 225 extends between a pin 226 and a pin 221 in the horizontal arm of bell crank 223 and thus acts to normally bias the bar 2 to the right for holding down any one of the key buttons 201.

In addition to the interlocking push switches, the present machine is equipped with a manually operated send-receive switch. The mechani= cal details of one form of this switch are shown in Fig. 5, where it may be seen that a switch lever 23e having a manually operable knob 23| is piv'- otally mounted at 232 to a bracket 233 secured to the front casting of the machine frame. The lower end of the contact lever 230 carries an insulated contact operating roller 235 arranged when the lever is in its receive position to opere ate a contact 235 into engagement with a contact 238, and when the lever 230 is moved to the send position, the roller 235 allows contact 230 to engage a contact 231 and also allows a con'-v tact 239 to engage a contact 22B. A second insulated roller 202 similar to roller 235 is mounted on the lower end of lever 235 and adapted when the lever is moved to the send position to oper= ate a contact 2&3 into engagement with a contacit 2M and also operate a contact 225 into engagement with a contact 2M. Both of these pairs of contacts are normally open when the lever is in its receive position as shown in Fig. 5. The lever 235 is resiliently retained in either exe treme operated position by the action of the ane gular end portions of contact springs 236 and 243 on rollers 235 and 242, respectively.

In accordance with the .present invention, there is a mechanical interlocking arrangement provided between the keys 201 and the key switch 230. This interlock is so arranged that effective operation of the keys is prevented except when the switch is in its receive position. The intere lock is provided by the bell crank 223 which has a bent-over portion 250 coacting with a down= wardly extending projection 25| at the lower end of the switch lever 230. The projection 25| is moved into the path of the bell crank portion 250 when the switch is in its send position so that the interlocking bar 2 5 cannot move to the left from its illustrated position. When the interlocking bar 2 I 6 cannot move to the left, it will be clear that none of the keys 207 can move downwardly due to the engagement of the screw end 2| I with the cam surface 2H.

The present invention also provides another interlocking mechanical arrangement between the send-receive switch and the interlocking bar Zit so that the keys 227 will be released when the switch is moved from its send position to its receive position, and at the same time this arrangement is so constructed that the release movement of the interlocking bar 296 will not occur when the switch is moved in the opposite direction from its receive position to its send position. The details of the mechanism for accomplishing this purpose are shown particularly in Fig. 5 wherein a T-shaped member 255 is pivotally mounted on the end of lever 23B around the same pivot which mounts the roller 235. The T-shaped member 255 is biased by a leaf spring 256 in its illustrated position wherein its lefthand end engages the .pivot hub 232 for the lever 230. It will be clear that when the lever 230 is moved from its illustrated position to its send position the right hand end of the member 255 will engage the upper end 269 of the bell crank 223 and will be turned relative to the lever 23e against the force of spring 256 and will not cause operation of bell crank 223. However, when the lever 23e is moved in the opposite direction from its send position to its receive position, the right hand end of the T-shaped member 255 will have a camming action on the left hand vertically curved edge of the upwardly extending end 260 of the bell crank 223, and as the member 255 cannot turn clockwise relative to the lever 23S due to the engagement of the left hand portion with the hub 232, the bell crank 223 will be turned in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5. This movement of the bell crank 223 will pull the interlocking bar 21S to the left, as viewed in Fig. 5, thereby releasing any cf the keys which are held in their latched position.

A magnetic key lever lock is provided in the present machine for preventing effective manual operation of any of the key levers @t when such operation would interrupt or mutilate any existing message transmission or when the machine is disconnected from its power source. Referring to Fig. 4, the magnetic means for controlling the locking and unlocking of the key levers is an electromagnet LM similar to the magnet 9G and mounted in the same manner on the cross member 84. This magnet operates an armature 27m similar to the armature 92, and the-forward extension of this armature 276 is connected at 2'?! to a vertical link 2l2. Referring to Fig. 2, it may be seen that the upper end of the vertical link 212 is pivotally connected at 2'l3 to the arm of a lock bail 215i. The bail 27d is pivotally mounted at 215 on the cross members di and l5 as may be seen in Fig. 3, and the right hand edge of the horizontal cross portion of the bail 274 coacts with a downward projection 2l6 on each of the selector slides '56. Thus, when the bail 2@ is in its upper position as shown in Fig. 2, none of the selector slides 5t can be operated to the left from their normal illustrated position, and accordingly none of the key levers it@ can be eiectively depressed. However, when the electromagnet LM is energized to attract its armature 27, the bail 2M is pulled downwardly so that the downward projection 272i on the selector slides will clear the cross portion of the bail, thereby permitting normal operation of the key levers.

Referring to Figs. l0, 10A and 10B, it will be noted that each machine also includes two relays -1'4' BR and CR, which may be of the usual telephone type mounted within the machine frame. Relay CR is for controlling operation of the machine,

and relay BR is provided for preventing operation' ceive position at the time the key C at machine VB was depressed. At each machine, one side of the winding of relay BR is connected through a rectiiier unit 219 to wire W1, and with the switch in its receive position and key C depressed, the other side of relay BRis connected through contacts 23E-238 and contacts 28B-28! closed by key C to wire WC. Ii machine C were being operated, the switch would be in the send position at that machine, thereby connecting the direct current power from rectifier DC across wires W l and WC over a circuit from the minus side of rectier DC through contacts 243-244 of the switch in its send position and through contacts 282-233 of relay BR to wire WC and the plus side of the rectifier DC being connected permanently to wire W l. Under this condition when the operator at machine B pushed key C' with the send-receive switch at machine B in its receive position, relay BR at machine B will become energized because the send-receive switch at machine C is in its send position, and the energization of relay BR will close contacts 23d-225 to energize the busy indicating light L at machine B.

However, under the conditions illustrated in Figs. 10, 10A and 10B, machine C is not in use as indicated by the "send-receive switch being in its receive positionI and accordingly when the key C is depressed at machine B, relay BR does not become energized over wires Wl and "J/C due to open contacts 243-244 at machine C. Accordingly, the busy indicating light L does not become energized and the opera-tor then moves the switch at machine B to its send position as illustrated. As previously mentioned, the switch in its send position prevents movement of the interlocking bar 299 thereby retaining the key `C in its depressed position and prevents depression of any other of the keys.

One side of the winding of the control relay CR at each machine is connected directly to the plus side of the rectiiier DC at that machine and the other side of the winding is connected through a rectier unit 286 to wire |99 which, as previously mentioned, is connected to the associated one of wires WA to WJ or, for example, wire i519 is connected to wire WB at machine B and to WC at machine C. Thus, when the switch is moved to its send position at machine B, relay CR at that machine becomes energized due to the fact that the minus side of rectifier DC is connected to wire |99 through contacts 243-264 of this switch and through contacts 282-283 of relay BR deenergized. This energizes the operating motor 2532 at machine B by closing contacts 287-288, and also energizes the key lever locking magnet LM by closing contacts 289-290. Relay CR is likewise energized at machine C from the D. C. supply at machine B due to the fact that the plus side of rectifier DC at machine B is connected to Wire W7 which is connected permanently at each machine to one side of the winding of relay CR, the other side of the winding of relay CR at machine C being connected to wire WC and wire WC at machine B is connected through contacts 28B-291 of the depressed key C at machine B, through contacts 239-231 of the switch in the send position, and through contacts 294-293 to the minus side or rectier DC at machine B. With the relay CR at machines B and C both energized, the operating motors at both machines will be energized but the lock magnet LM at machine C will not be energized due to open contacts 239-299. Thus, the keyboard at machine B may be operated due to the energization of LM at that machine for sending a message to machine C, but the keyboard at machine C cannot be operated due to the fact that the lock magnet LM is deencrgized at that machine.

It was previously described that the six pairs of selector contacts 15-80 were connected at each machine to the respective ones of the six translator magnets 99. This may be seen in Figs. 10, A and 10B wherein it will be noticed that contact -I at each machine is connected to electromagnet 99-l, 15-2 is connected to electromagnet 99-2, and so forth. The corresponding six contacts Bil-I to 89-8 are all connected together at each machine and are in turn connected to Wire W1 at each machine through a common contact arrangement shown as a pair of contacts 295-296 and a second pair of contacts 291-298. Both pairs of common contacts are operated simultaneously Whenever any one or more of the selector contacts 15 are operated. A single pair of contacts could be used in place of the double pair shown in the drawing, the double contacts merely being shown as an expedient for increasing the life of the common circuit-controlling arrangement. A resistor 299 is shown connected across the pair of contacts 295-296, and a similar resistor 390 is shown connected across the other pair of common contacts 291-298. These resistors are for the purpose of evenly dividing the current flow through the two pairs of common contacts.

The specic arrangement in the present machine for operating the common contacts is shown particularly at the right in Fig. 2. rFhe two movable contacts 295 and 291 are mounted on an arm 395 in the same manner that the contacts 15 are mounted on the contact arm 66. The arm 395 is provided with down-turned ears having holes receiving the shaft 68 and a screw 906 threaded into the arm 305 engages the shaft 68 and prevents turning movement of the arm with relation to the shaft. It was previously mentioned that when a selector slide 59 trips any one of the contact operating arms B6, the shaft 68 is turned through the arm 165. Accordingly, when any one of the contacts 15 are moved into engagement with the companion contact 89, the common contacts 295 and 291 will be moved into engagement with their respective stationary contacts 299 and 298. The stationary contacts 296 and 298 are mounted on the cross member 84 of the machine frame in the same manner as contacts 80.

Referring again to Figs. 10, 10A and 10B, it will be seen that the common contacts 295-296 and 291-298 connect all of the selector contacts S9 to wire 3|@ at each machine, and this wire 310 is connected to wire W1 as well as to the plus side of the D. C. rectifier at each machine.

At each machine it will be noted that the selector contacts 15 are connected to the associ'- ated one of the translator magnets 9E) at the same machine, and these contacts are also connected to the corresponding one of the wires WI to W9 so that all of the selector contacts and all of the translator magnets at all machines in the system are connected in multiple. In other Words, selector contact 15-l and magnet -1 at each machine is connected to the corresponding contact and magnet at all of the other machines in the system, contact 'i5-'2 and magnet Sil-2 at each machine is connected to the corresponding contacts and magnets at all of the rest of the machines, and so forth.

In transmitting messages from machine B to machine C, it will be noted that the direct current from the rectifier in machine B flows from the plus side of the rectifier through the common contact 295-296 and 291-299, through the operated ones of selector contacts 15-89, through the associated translator magnet 99 and rectier unit 290 to wire 199, and then back to the minus side of the rectifier unit through contacts 292-283 of relay BR and contacts 299-299 of the send-receive switch. Current likewise flows from the rectifier DC at machine B through the operated ones of contacts 15-99 over the associated Wires Wl to W6, through the associated translator magnet 90 and rectifier 299 at machine C' to Wire |99 which at machine C is connected to wire WC, and then back to the minus side of the rectier DC` through contacts 286-28! and switch contacts 239-231 and 249-223. Accordingly, the operation of the keyboard at machine B to selectively operate contacts 15-89 will cause a printing operation through the selector mechanism at machine B as well as machine C, but Will not cause printing operation at any other machine in the system inasmuch as key C is the only one depressed at machine B.

The system shown in Figs. 10, 10A and 10B, however, is not confined to the transmission of messages between two machines only. If, for example, at machine B the key A had been depressed simultaneously With the key C, wire WA would be connected in multiple with wire WB through the contacts operated by key A so that the messages in addition to going to machine C would have obviously gone to machine A as well. Thus, any one or all of the keys A to J at one machine may be simultaneously depressed to transmit messages to as many machines in the system as may be desired.

It will now be clear in the present system, whenever any machine is sending a message to another machine, the direct current energy at that machine sending the message is connected at one side to the wire W1 and at the other side to whichever ones of the wires WA to WJ that are concerned for transmission of the message.

In other words, when machine B is sending a However, two other machines, neither of which 1 is involved in an existing message transmission, may also be sending messages to each other.

The interlocking arrangement between the send-receive switch prevents operation of any one of the Dush switches except when the sendreceive switch is in its receive position, and if the busy indicator light L is ignored and the operator moves the switch to the send position, the relay BR is held energized through its own contacts 284-285 in series with a resistor 3l2 so that the relay BR is retained in its energized position even though contacts 233-236 are opened by this movement of the switch. Under these conditions, a message cannot be transmitted by such machines even though the switch is in its send position because contacts 282-283 of the relay BR will be open.

It will thus be clear that the present system is so arranged that an operator cannot manipulate a machine to disrupt the normal operation of the system nor to inadvertently or intentionally receive a message not intended for his machine. At the completion of a message transmission between machines, as previously described, the operator merely returns the send-receive lever to receive position and the system is returned to normal condition. During this movement of the switch lever 23B, it will be clear that the bell crank 255 will cause a releasing movement of the interlocking bar Qi to allow any one of the keys A to J which were depressed to be restored automatically to normal position. This arrangement prevents the operator from inadvertently leaving the push switches in their depressed position, when it is not intended to send a message to that particular machine. If it is desired to use any machine of the system for typing at that point only and without sending a message to another machine, the sendreceive lever is merely placed in send position without iirst pressing any one of the keys A to J. The machine may then be operated for the sole purpose of printing at that machine only, and no other machine may be connected to receive the printed matter nor to send messages to that machine until the send-receive lever is returned to its receive position.

The rectier units 2(10, 279 and 286 are provided to block series cross-currents in the present system. In other words, these rectiers permit the normal flow of current in one direction only in each circuit but the current is prevented from flowing through two or more windings 90, for example, in series as the current would have to flow in the reverse direction through at least one of the rectii'iers 200.

A system has thus been provided in accordance with the present invention wherein a number of machines may -be interconnected in any desired manner to exchange written messages over a minimum number of circuits. In other words, there are six wires connecting all of the selector contacts and translator magnets in multiple throughout the system, and through the provision of one individual wire for each machine in the system selective intercommunication is provided. A seventh wire interconnecting all the machines is provided for interlocking purposes so that the total number of wires extending between machines in the system will in every instance be equal to seven, plus the total number of machines in the system.

While there has been shown and described and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to -a single modiiication,

it will be understood that the various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the device illustrated and in its operation may lbe made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. A teletypewriter circuit for interconnecting a plurality of electrically operated typewriters with a minimum number of connections wherein each typewriter has a plurality of electromagnets for controlling specic operations of the typewriter, a plurality of selector switches, and a source of direct current; said circuit comprising means for connecting in parallel corresponding electromagnets of each typewriter selected to receive a message; said means including a common interlocking connection connecting one side of said sources of direct current together and comprising one connection between the typewriters, and means connected to said selector switches comprising a common connection for the electromagnets of each typewriter and being another connection between the typewriters, so

' that there is a total of one connection for each of the electromagnets in addition to one interlocking connection and one connection for each.

typewriter in the system.

2. A typewriter circuit for interconnecting a plurality of electrically operated typewriters with a minimum number of connections wherein each typewriter has a plurality of electromagnets not exceeding six for controlling specific operations of the typewriter, a send-receive switch device', av

plurality of selector switches one for each of the other typewriters in the system, a busy relay,

and a source of direct current; said circuit comprising means for connecting in parallel corresponding electromagnets of each typewriter selected to receive a message; said means including a common interlocking connection connecting one side of said sources of direct current together and comprising one connection between the typewriters, and means connected to said selector switches comprising a common connection for the electromagnets of each typewriter and being another connection between the typewriters, each typewriter having circuit means interconnecting the send-receive switch device, the selector switches, the busy relay and the direct current source so that the operator of any typewriter may determine which of the rest of the typewriters in the system are busy and may select any of those not busy to copy a message sent by him when his send-receive switch is on send.

3. A typewriter circuit according to claim 2 wherein an indicating means is connected to contacts of said busy relay for indicating when a selected typewriter is busy.

Ll. A typewriter circuit according to claim 2 wherein each typewriter also has an electrically controlled locking mechanism for preventing its manual operation unless it is properly conditioned as a sending machine.

5. A typewriter circuit according to claim 4 wherein each typewriter also has a control relay connected to said busy relay for energizing said locking mechanism under proper conditions.

6. A system of interconnecting a plurality of electric typewriters comprising a source of direct current on each typewriter, a plurality of electromagnets on each typewriter for controlling specific functions of the typewriter, a plurality of selector switches on each typewriter one for each typewriter other than the one on which they are located, and circuit means on and interconnecting said typewriters, said circuit means having a common interlock connection joining one side of each direct current source, said circuit means also having a common connection to one side of said electromagnets and extending to one of said selector switches on each of the other typewriters, and said circuit means having parallel connections for the other side of corresponding ones of said electromagnets, all in order to be able to operate any typewriter singly or to be able to select any number of typewriters which are not already busy to operate in parallel with a sending typewriter.

7. A system of interconnectingr a plurality of electric typewriters comprising a source of direct current on each typewriter, a plurality of electromagnets on each typewriter for controlling specific functions of the typewriter, a plurality of selector switches on each typewriter one for each typewriter other than the one on which they are located, send-receive switch means on each typewriter, busy relay means on each typewriter, and circuit means on and interconnecting said typewriters, said circuit means having a common interlock connection joining one side of each direct current source, said circuit means including connections on each typewriter from the other side of each direct current source to said sendreceive switch means and connecting said busy relay means with the send-receive switch means for preventing operation of any given typewriter when an attempt is made to select a busy typewriter for receiving a message, said circuit means also having a common connection to one side of said electromagnets extending to one of the selector switches on each of the other typewriters, and said circuit means having parallel connections for the other side of corresponding ones of said electromagnets.

8. A system of interconnecting a plurality of electric typewriters comprising a source of direct current on each typewriter, a plurality of elecv tromagnets not exceeding six on each typewriter for controlling specic functions of the typewriter, a plurality of selector switches on each typewriter one for each typewriter other than the one on which they are located, send-receive switch means on each typewriter for determining desired operation in the system, busy relay means on each typewriter, electromagnetically controlled locking means on each typewriter to lock its keys against manual operation, a control relay on each typewriter, and circuit means on and interconnecting said typewriter, said circuit means comprising a common interlock connection joining one side of each direct current source, connections on each typewriter from the other side of each direct current source to said send-receive switch means and connecting said busy relay means as well as said locking means to the send-receive switch means for preventing operation of any given typewriter when an attempt is made at that typewriter to select va busy typewriter for receiving a message, 'a common connection to one side of said electromagnets extending to one of the selector switches on each of the other typewriters, a common connection on each typewriter from the selector switches to said busy relay means, and parallel connections from the other side of corresponding ones of said electnomagnets of all the typewriters, all in order to obtain the desired flexible operation of 'a system of electric typewriters with a minimum of connections between each machine.

9. A system according to claim 8 wherein an indicator is connected to said busy relay means on each typewriter to show when a busy typewriter has been selected.

10. A system according to claim 8 wherein said selector switches on each typewriter have associated therewith latching means controlled by said send-receive switch means and by each selector switch to hold individual actuated selector switches in their closed position until released by actuation of other selector switches or by operation o1 the send-receive switch means from send to receive, said latching means 'also being clamped against release when the send-receive switch means is on send.

EDWIN O. BLODGETT.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 860,001 White July 16, 1907 1,575,599 I-Iornberger Mar. 2, 1926 2,478,689 Fouchaux i Aug. 9, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 287,274 Germany Apr. 24, 1914 

